Journal of Physiological Anthropology (JPA) is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that publishes research on the physiological functions of modern mankind, with an emphasis on the physical and bio-cultural effects on human adaptability to the current environment.The objective of JPA is to evaluate physiological adaptations to modern living environments, and to publish research from different scientific fields concerned with environmental impact on human life.Topic areas include, but are not limited to:environmental physiologybio-cultural environmentliving environmentepigenetic adaptationdevelopment and growthage and sex differencesnutrition and morphologyphysical fitness and healthJournal of Physiological Anthropology is the official journal of the Japan Society of Physiological Anthropology.