Neotropical Ichthyology is the official journal of the Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia (SBI). It is an international peer-reviewed Open Access periodical that publishes original articles and reviews exclusively on Neotropical freshwater and marine fishes and constitutes an International Forum to disclose and discuss results of original research on the diversity of marine, estuarine and freshwater Neotropical fishes.-Frequency: Four issues per year published only online since 2020, using the ‘rolling pass’ system, which posts articles online immediately as soon as they are ready for publication. A searchable and citable Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is assigned to each article immediately after online publication, with no need to await the issue’s closing.-Areas of interest: Biology, Biochemistry and Physiology, Ecology, Ethology, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Systematics.-Peer review process: The Editor-in-Chief screens each manuscript submitted to Neotropical Ichthyology to verify whether it is within the journal’s scope and policy, presents original research and follows the journal’s guidelines. After passing through the initial screening, articles are assigned to a Section Editor, who then assigns an Associate Editor to start the single blind review process.